缠足 (iTalki Textbook)

缠足是中国古代一种陋习。是指女性用布将双脚紧紧缠裹,使之畸形变小,以为美观。一般女性从四、五岁起便开始缠足,直到成年骨骼定型后方将布带解开,也有终身缠裹者。

据现代学者考证,缠足开始于北宋后期,兴起于南宋。 元代的缠足继续向纤小的方向发展。明代的缠足之风进入兴盛时期,出现了“三寸金莲”。清代,缠足到了登峰造极的鼎盛时期。缠足之风蔓延至社会各阶层的女子, 不论贫富贵贱,都纷纷缠足,但不缠足者也不在少数。

清朝被推翻后,孙中山正式下令禁止缠足。到了“五四”时期,缠足更成为各派革命运动和激进分子讨伐的对象,陈独秀、李大钊等人都曾撰文痛斥缠足对妇女的摧残和压迫。自从中国共产党登上政治舞台后,彻底消灭了小脚,缠足的妇女才得到了解放。

Chinese Grammar : …呢?

S1 V O, S2 呢?

Example 1

Simplified Chinese:我 要 喝 茶,你 呢?
Traditional Chinese:我 要 喝 茶,你 呢?
Pin-yin:Wǒ yào hē chá, nǐ ne?
Meaning:I want to drink tea, how about you?

Example 2

Simplified Chinese:他 不喝 咖啡,陈小姐 呢?
Traditional Chinese:他 不喝 咖啡,陳小姐 呢?
Pin-yin:Tā bù hē kāfēi, Chén Xiǎojiě ne?
Meaning: He does not drink coffee. What about Miss Chen?

S V O1, O2 呢?    

Example 1

Simplified Chinese:他 不喝咖啡,茶呢?
Traditional Chinese:他 不喝咖啡,茶呢?
Pin-yin:Tā bù hē kāfēi, chá ne?
Meaning:He doesn’t drink coffee. How about tea?

Example 2

Simplified Chinese:你 喜欢 喝茶,咖啡 呢?
Traditional Chinese:你 喜歡 喝茶,咖啡 呢?
Pin-yin:Nǐ xǐhuān hē chá, kāfēi ne?
Meaning:You like to drink tea. How about coffee?

Chinese Grammar : 很…

Example 1

Simplified Chinese:我 很 好
Traditional Chinese:我 很 好
Pin-yin:Wǒ hěn hǎo.
Meaning:I am fine.

Example 2

Simplified Chinese:台湾人 很喜欢 喝 乌龙茶。
Traditional Chinese:台灣人 很喜歡 喝 烏龍茶。
Pin-yin:Táiwān rén hěn xǐhuān hē Wūlóng chá.
Meaning:Taiwanese people like to drink Oolong tea

Example 3

Simplified Chinese:乌龙茶 很 好喝
Traditional Chinese:烏龍茶 很 好喝
Pin-yin:Wūlóng chá hěn hǎohē.
Meaning:Oolong tea tastes good.

Chinese Grammar : …不…?

是不是

Simplified Chinese:他 是不是 李先生?
Traditional Chinese:他 是不是 李先生?
Pin-yin:Tā shì bú shì Lǐ Xiānshēng?
Meaning:Is he Mr. Li?

Verb 不 Verb

Example 1

Simplified Chinese:他 喝不喝 乌龙茶?
Traditional Chinese:他 喝不喝 烏龍茶?
Pin-yin:Tā hē bù hē Wūlóng chá?
Meaning:Does he drink Oolong tea?

Example 2

Simplified Chinese:他 喜欢不喜欢 喝茶?
Traditional Chinese:他 喜歡不喜歡 喝茶?
Pin-yin:Tā xǐhuān bù xǐhuān hē chá?
Meaning:Does he like tea?

Example 3

Simplified Chinese:要不要 喝 咖啡?
Traditional Chinese:要不要 喝 咖啡?
Pin-yin:yào bú yào hē kāfēi?
Meaning:Do you want to drink coffee?

Chinese Grammar : 吗 / 嗎?

Greeting 问候 / 問候

Simplified Chinese:你 好 吗?
Traditional Chinese:你 好 嗎?
Pin-yin:Nǐ hǎo ma?
Meaning:How are you?

Is he / Am I / Are you….?

Simplified Chinese:他 是 日本人 吗?
Traditional Chinese:他 是 日本人 嗎?
Pin-yin:Tā shì Rìběn rén ma?
Meaning:Is he Japanese?

Isn’t he / Aren’t you….?

Simplified Chinese:你 不是 台湾人 吗?
Traditional Chinese:你 不是 台灣人 嗎?
Pin-yin:Nǐ bú shì Táiwān rén ma?
Meaning:Aren’t you Taiwanese?

Chinese Grammar : 你/我/他/她

I 我

Simplified Chinese:你 是不是 日本人?
Traditional Chinese:你 是不是 日本人?
Pin-yin:Nǐ shì bú shì Rìběn rén?
Meaning:Are you Japanese?

You 你

Simplified Chinese:你 好 吗?
Traditional Chinese:你 好 嗎?
Pin-yin:Nǐ hǎo ma?
Meaning:How are you?

He 他

Simplified Chinese:他 是 日本人 吗?
Traditional Chinese:他 是 日本人 嗎?
Pin-yin:Tā shì Rìběn rén ma?
Meaning:Is he Japanese?

She 她

Simplified Chinese:她 是 台湾人 吗?
Traditional Chinese:她 是 台灣人 嗎?
Pin-yin:Lǐ Xiǎojiě shì bú shì Táiwān rén?
Meaning:Is she Taiwanese?

It 它 (无生命 / 無生命)

It 牠 (动物 / 動物 )

God 祂 (神)

Chinese Grammar : 是/ 不是

Question – Are you…. 你是不是…?

Simplified Chinese:你 是不是 日本人?
Traditional Chinese:你 是不是 日本人?
Pin-yin:Nǐ shì bú shì Rìběn rén?
Meaning:Are you Japanese?

Answer – 是/ 不是

Yes 是

Simplified Chinese:我 是 日本人。
Traditional Chinese:我 是 日本人。
Pin-yin:wǒ shì Rìběn rén
Meaning:Yes, I am Japanese.

No 不是

Simplified Chinese:我 不是 日本人。
Traditional Chinese:我 不是 日本人。
Pin-yin:wǒ bú shì Rìběn rén
Meaning:No, I’m not Japanese.

Chinese Grammar : want 要/ like 喜歡

Question – Do you want …?要不要…?

Simplified Chinese:王先生 要不要 喝咖啡?
Traditional Chinese:王先生 要不要 喝咖啡?
Pin-yin:Wáng Xiānshēng yào bú yào hē kāfēi?
Meaning:Mr. Wang, do you want to have some coffee?

Answer – 要/不要

Yes 要

Simplified Chinese:王先生 要 喝咖啡。/ 好, 他 要 喝咖啡
Traditional Chinese:王先生 要 喝咖啡。/ 好, 他 要 喝咖啡
Pin-yin:Wáng Xiānshēng yào hē kāfēi / hǎo,tā yào hē kāfēi
Meaning:Yes, Mr. Wang want to drink coffee. / Yes,he wants to drink coffee

No 不要

Simplified Chinese:王先生 不要 喝咖啡。/ 不, 他 不要 喝咖啡
Traditional Chinese:王先生 不要 喝咖啡。/ 不, 他 不要 喝咖啡
Pin-yin:Wáng Xiānshēng yào hē kāfēi / hǎo,tā yào hē kāfēi
Meaning:No, Mr. Wang doesn’t want to drink coffee. / No,he doesn’t want to drink coffee.

Question – Do you like to…?喜不喜欢…?

Simplified Chinese:王先生 喜不喜欢 喝咖啡?
Traditional Chinese:王先生 喜不喜歡 喝咖啡?
Pin-yin:Wáng Xiānshēng yào hē kāfēi / hǎo,tā yào hē kāfēi
Meaning:No, Mr. Wang doesn’t want to drink coffee. / No,he doesn’t want to drink coffee.

Answer – 喜欢/不喜欢

Yes 喜欢

Simplified Chinese:王先生 喜欢 喝咖啡。/ 对, 他 喜欢 喝咖啡
Traditional Chinese:王先生 喜歡 喝咖啡。/ 對, 他 喜歡 喝咖啡
Pin-yin:Wáng Xiānshēng yào hē kāfēi / hǎo,tā yào hē kāfēi
Meaning:No, Mr. Wang doesn’t like to drink coffee. / No,he doesn’t like to drink coffee.

No 不喜欢

Simplified Chinese:王先生 喜欢 喝咖啡。/ 对, 他 喜欢 喝咖啡
Traditional Chinese:王先生 喜歡 喝咖啡。/ 對, 他 喜歡 喝咖啡
Pin-yin:Wáng Xiānshēng yào hē kāfēi / hǎo,tā yào hē kāfēi
Meaning:No, Mr. Wang doesn’t like to drink coffee. / No,he doesn’t like to drink coffee.